{"claims": [{"text": "Five days of repeated swim increased spike firing in mature dentate granule cells from wild-type mice from 0.042 spikes per picoampere to 0.073 spikes per picoampere", "quote_or_locator": "Abstract: 'Five days of repeated swim exposure increased spike firing in mature dentate granule cells from wild-type mice.' Figure 1C and Results section: 'control, 0.0420 ± 0.0038 spikes/pA; swim, 0.0730 ± 0.0061 spikes/pA, F(3, 89) = 5.10, p = 0.009'"}, {"text": "PKN1a knockout produced a similar increase in firing (0.073 spikes per picoampere) and repeated swim did not further increase excitability in knockout mice", "quote_or_locator": "Results section 3.1: 'PKN1a knockout likewise increased firing in the absence of repeated swim compared with control wild-type mice, and repeated swim did not further increase excitability in KO mice (Fig. 1B and C; control, 0.0730 ± 0.0062 spikes/pA, significantly higher than control wild-type at p = 0.006; swim, 0.0673 ± 0.0073 spikes/pA, p = 0.021)'"}, {"text": "Group I mGluR antagonists (MPEP and LY367385) reduced firing in repeated-swim wild-type mice from 0.055 spikes per picoampere to 0.033 spikes per picoampere", "quote_or_locator": "Results section 3.1: 'they reduced firing in repeated-swim wild-type (Fig. 2B and C; no drug, 0.0553 ± 0.0039 spikes/pA, MPEP + LY, 0.0332 ± 0.0054 spikes/pA; t(29) = 3.33, p = 0.002, Welch's t-test)'"}, {"text": "Total hippocampal EAAT3 expression was reduced to 57.9% of control in repeated-swim wild-type mice", "quote_or_locator": "Results section 3.2 and Figure 4A: 'Total hippocampal EAAT3 expression was significantly reduced in control PKN1a KO mice and repeated-swim wild-type and PKN1a KO mice (Fig. 4A; control wild-type, 100 ± 2.8%, n = 14 from 7 mice; swim wild-type, 57.9 ± 4.2%, n = 8 from 4 mice)'"}, {"text": "Surface EAAT3 expression was reduced to 73.4% of control in repeated-swim wild-type mice", "quote_or_locator": "Results section 3.2 and Figure 4B: 'surface expression of EAAT3 was also significantly reduced in repeated-swim wild-type mice and in both control and repeated-swim PKN1a KO mice (Fig. 4B; control wild-type, 100 ± 0.0%, n = 9 from 9 mice; swim wild-type, 73.4 ± 5.7%, n = 5 from 5 mice)'"}, {"text": "EAAT2 (glial glutamate transporter) expression was not significantly altered in repeated-swim wild-type or PKN1a knockout mice", "quote_or_locator": "Results section 3.2: 'total hippocampal expression of EAAT2 (also known as glutamate transporter 1, GLT-1), the major glial glutamate transporter that mediates glutamate uptake more efficiently than EAAT3 does (Jensen et al., 2015), was not significantly altered in repeated-swim wild-type mice or in control and repeated-swim PKN1a KO mice (Fig. S3)'"}, {"text": "Control PKN1a knockout mice spent 120.3 seconds in open arms of elevated plus maze compared to 71.6 seconds for control wild-type mice", "quote_or_locator": "Results section 3.3: 'Control PKN1a KO mice spent significantly more time in the open arms than control wild-type mice, indicating reduced anxiety-like behavior in KO mice (Fig. 5A and B; control wild-type, 71.6 ± 9.2 s, n = 20; control KO mice, 120.3 ± 10.1 s, n = 24)'"}, {"text": "Repeated swim increased open-arm time in wild-type mice to 125.1 seconds after 5 days and 120.3 seconds after 10 days", "quote_or_locator": "Results section 3.3: 'Repeated swim significantly increased the time spent in the open arms in wild-type mice (Fig. 5A and B; 5-day swim, 125.1 ± 12.5 s, n = 19, p = 0.008; 10-day swim, 120.3 ± 10.9 s, n = 26, p = 0.018)'"}, {"text": "Repeated swim did not induce depression-like behavior in tail suspension or forced swim tests", "quote_or_locator": "Results section 3.3: 'Immobility time did not differ significantly across genotypes or experimental conditions (Fig. S4A; control wild-type, n = 12, swim wild-type, n = 10; control KO, n = 12, swim KO, n = 10). Consistent with this, immobility time in the forced swim test did not differ between control wild-type and PKN1a KO mice (Fig. S4B; control wild-type, n = 13; control KO, n = 12). Together, these results indicate that neither repeated swim nor PKN1a knockout induced depression-like behavior.'"}, {"text": "Repeated swim exposure lasted 8 minutes per day for 5 days in progressively cooler water (room temperature on days 1-2, then 18-20°C from day 3 onward)", "quote_or_locator": "Methods section 2.2: 'PKN1a knockout (KO) mice (Yasuda et al., 2020) and their wild-type littermates at postnatal 8–16 weeks were subjected to repeated swim exposure for 8 min per day for 5 days in a plastic cage (23 × 15 × 16 cm) filled with water to a depth of 10 cm... To habituate the mice to water, they were allowed to swim in room-temperature water (22–23°C) on days 1 and 2... From day 3 onward, they were allowed to swim in 18–20°C water'"}, {"text": "Resting membrane potential and membrane resistance did not differ between control and repeated-swim conditions in either wild-type or knockout mice", "quote_or_locator": "Results section 3.1: 'Five days of repeated swim did not alter the resting membrane potential and membrane resistance, as assessed by negative current injection at resting membrane potential in both wild-type and PKN1a KO mice (Fig. 1A)'"}], "prompt_version": "p1.0", "verdicts": [{"claim": "Five days of repeated swim increased spike firing in mature dentate granule cells from wild-type mice from 0.042 spikes per picoampere to 0.073 spikes per picoampere", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "control, 0.0420 ± 0.0038 spikes/pA; swim, 0.0730 ± 0.0061 spikes/pA, F(3, 89) = 5.10, p = 0.009", "note": null}, {"claim": "PKN1a knockout produced a similar increase in firing (0.073 spikes per picoampere) and repeated swim did not further increase excitability in knockout mice", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "PKN1a knockout likewise increased firing in the absence of repeated swim compared with control wild-type mice, and repeated swim did not further increase excitability in KO mice (Fig. 1B and C; control, 0.0730 ± 0.0062 spikes/pA, significantly higher than control wild-type at p = 0.006; swim, 0.0673 ± 0.0073 spikes/pA, p = 0.021)", "note": null}, {"claim": "Group I mGluR antagonists (MPEP and LY367385) reduced firing in repeated-swim wild-type mice from 0.055 spikes per picoampere to 0.033 spikes per picoampere", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "they reduced firing in repeated-swim wild-type (Fig. 2B and C; no drug, 0.0553 ± 0.0039 spikes/pA, MPEP + LY, 0.0332 ± 0.0054 spikes/pA; t(29) = 3.33, p = 0.002, Welch's t-test)", "note": null}, {"claim": "Total hippocampal EAAT3 expression was reduced to 57.9% of control in repeated-swim wild-type mice", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "Total hippocampal EAAT3 expression was significantly reduced in control PKN1a KO mice and repeated-swim wild-type and PKN1a KO mice (Fig. 4A; control wild-type, 100 ± 2.8%, n = 14 from 7 mice; swim wild-type, 57.9 ± 4.2%, n = 8 from 4 mice)", "note": null}, {"claim": "Surface EAAT3 expression was reduced to 73.4% of control in repeated-swim wild-type mice", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "surface expression of EAAT3 was also significantly reduced in repeated-swim wild-type mice and in both control and repeated-swim PKN1a KO mice (Fig. 4B; control wild-type, 100 ± 0.0%, n = 9 from 9 mice; swim wild-type, 73.4 ± 5.7%, n = 5 from 5 mice)", "note": null}, {"claim": "EAAT2 (glial glutamate transporter) expression was not significantly altered in repeated-swim wild-type or PKN1a knockout mice", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "total hippocampal expression of EAAT2 (also known as glutamate transporter 1, GLT-1), the major glial glutamate transporter that mediates glutamate uptake more efficiently than EAAT3 does (Jensen et al., 2015), was not significantly altered in repeated-swim wild-type mice or in control and repeated-swim PKN1a KO mice (Fig. S3)", "note": null}, {"claim": "Control PKN1a knockout mice spent 120.3 seconds in open arms of elevated plus maze compared to 71.6 seconds for control wild-type mice", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "Control PKN1a KO mice spent significantly more time in the open arms than control wild-type mice, indicating reduced anxiety-like behavior in KO mice (Fig. 5A and B; control wild-type, 71.6 ± 9.2 s, n = 20; control KO mice, 120.3 ± 10.1 s, n = 24)", "note": null}, {"claim": "Repeated swim increased open-arm time in wild-type mice to 125.1 seconds after 5 days and 120.3 seconds after 10 days", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "Repeated swim significantly increased the time spent in the open arms in wild-type mice (Fig. 5A and B; 5-day swim, 125.1 ± 12.5 s, n = 19, p = 0.008; 10-day swim, 120.3 ± 10.9 s, n = 26, p = 0.018)", "note": null}, {"claim": "Repeated swim did not induce depression-like behavior in tail suspension or forced swim tests", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "Immobility time did not differ significantly across genotypes or experimental conditions (Fig. S4A; control wild-type, n = 12, swim wild-type, n = 10; control KO, n = 12, swim KO, n = 10). Consistent with this, immobility time in the forced swim test did not differ between control wild-type and PKN1a KO mice (Fig. S4B; control wild-type, n = 13; control KO, n = 12). Together, these results indicate that neither repeated swim nor PKN1a knockout induced depression-like behavior.", "note": null}, {"claim": "Repeated swim exposure lasted 8 minutes per day for 5 days in progressively cooler water (room temperature on days 1-2, then 18-20°C from day 3 onward)", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "PKN1a knockout (KO) mice (Yasuda et al., 2020) and their wild-type littermates at postnatal 8–16 weeks were subjected to repeated swim exposure for 8 min per day for 5 days in a plastic cage (23 × 15 × 16 cm) filled with water to a depth of 10 cm... To habituate the mice to water, they were allowed to swim in room-temperature water (22–23°C) on days 1 and 2... From day 3 onward, they were allowed to swim in 18–20°C water", "note": null}, {"claim": "Resting membrane potential and membrane resistance did not differ between control and repeated-swim conditions in either wild-type or knockout mice", "verdict": "supported", "evidence": "Five days of repeated swim did not alter the resting membrane potential and membrane resistance, as assessed by negative current injection at resting membrane potential in both wild-type and PKN1a KO mice (Fig. 1A)", "note": null}]}